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PESA & TESA
What are PESA and TESA?
When a routine semen analysis shows no sperm present (a condition known as azoospermia), it does not necessarily mean sperm is not being produced. In many cases, sperm is still being actively created in the testicles or stored in the epididymis, but physical blockages or transport issues prevent its release.
PESA (Percutaneous Epididymal Sperm Aspiration) and TESA (Testicular Sperm Aspiration) are quick, minimally invasive surgical procedures that extract healthy sperm directly from the source. The retrieved sperm is then paired with ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection) and IVF to achieve a successful pregnancy using your own biological genetic material.
• Male Fertility Advancements •
PESA vs. TESA:
PESA vs. TESA:
Understanding The Difference.
Both techniques bypass physical barriers to extract healthy sperm directly from the reproductive tract. Choosing between PESA and TESA depends entirely on the underlying cause of azoospermia.
Consult Our Specialist• PESA Epididymal Extraction
How it Works: A microscopic needle extracts sperm fluid from the epididymis without any surgical incision.
Best Suited For: Obstructive Azoospermia—where normal sperm is being produced but blocked by physical obstructions (such as a previous vasectomy or congenital absence of the vas deferens).
• TESA Testicular Extraction
How it Works: A gentle needle aspiration collects tissue directly from the testicular tubules under local anesthesia.
Best Suited For: Non-Obstructive Azoospermia—where overall sperm production is minimal, or when PESA does not yield viable sperm samples.
What to Expect:The Step-by-Step Procedure
1. Pre-Treatment Evaluation:Hormonal blood panels, genetic testing, and scrotal ultrasound to assess the underlying cause of azoospermia.
2. Painless In-Clinic Procedure:Performed under local anaesthesia or mild sedation—meaning you experience zero pain during the 15-to-20-minute procedure. 3. Microscopic Sperm Isolation:Our embryologists immediately analyze the extracted tissue or fluid under a high-power microscope to isolate healthy, motile sperm. 4. Fertilization via ICSI: The isolated sperm is injected directly into retrieved eggs as part of an ongoing IVF cycle. 5. Quick Recovery & Cryopreservation:You can return home shortly after the procedure. Any surplus healthy sperm can be safely frozen for future IVF attempts.Why Choose The Nest for
Male Fertility Care in Trivandrum?
Male fertility is almost 50% of the fertility equation. We provide a completely private, respectful, and supportive space for men.
Under the guidance of Dr. Ravi Shankar, every retrieval is planned with precision to maximize sperm yield while prioritizing your comfort.
Seamless real-time coordination between surgical retrieval and immediate egg fertilization in our advanced lab.
Frequently Asked Questions
Answers to Common
Questions
No. Local aesthesia or mild sedation is used, so you won't feel pain during the procedure. You may experience mild soreness for 1 to 2 days afterward, which is easily managed with mild painkillers.
No. PESA and TESA are day-care outpatient procedures. You can walk out of the clinic shortly after the retrieval and resume light, normal routine activities the next day.
Yes! Thanks to ICSI technology, our embryologists only need one healthy, single sperm cell for every egg retrieved during an IVF cycle.
Some patients may experience mild swelling or bruising at the site of the procedure, which usually resolves within a few days. There is also a small risk of infection or bleeding, although this is rare.
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We hope that you have found the information provided here helpful to you and we look forward to hearing from you. Please feel free to contact us for further support.
